This city is home to countless historical and modern attractions, there’s no better place to soak up some culture. There’s no shortage of things to do in London, make sure you know what’s on, what’s new and what’s good. Plan your visit well and simply enjoy yourself! There are many ways of sightseeing. You can walk around, travel by bus or the tube even spend money on taxis, but there
Coordinates: 51°30’25”N, 0°07’39”W Greater London Area: 1,579 km2 Population: 7,5 million Density: 4,761/km2 City of London: Area: 2.6 km2 Population: 9,200 Density: 3,172/km2 London is the world’s most popular city tourism destination attracting over 27 million overnight visitors annually. St Paul’s Cathedral took only 35 years to build, from 1675–1710. There are over 6000 restaurants in London representing 53 different styles of cuisine. The main bell of Big Ben rings 78
Dublin was originally called Dubh Linn meaning Black Pool. The pool to which the name referred is the oldest known natural treacle lake in Northern Europe and currently forms the centrepiece of the penguin enclosure in Dublin Zoo. None of the so-called Dublin Mountains is high enough to meet the criteria required to claim mountain status. The Sugarloaf is the tallest Dublin Mountain yet measures a mere 1389 feet above sea
Population Wellington City: 163,824 Population Wellington Region: 423,765 Area (Wellington City): 28,990 hectares Wellington is the world’s most southern capital and the only capital in the “Roaring Forties” latitudes. Wellington is the most “fully wired” city in the most “fully wired” country in the world. It has one of the fastest and biggest fibre optic loops in the world providing the CBD with high-speed data transfer and Internet access. Wellington
Established as Town of Bytown Area: 2,778.64 km² Population: 859,704 Queen Juliana of the Netherlands, who’d spent the war years in Canada, arranged for an annual bulb presentation to celebrate the birth of her daughter, Princess Margriet, in Ottawa in 1943. To ensure that the princess was born a Dutch citizen, the Canadian government proclaimed her room in the Ottawa Civic Hospital part of the Netherlands. Kings, Queens and presidents stay at
PLATYPUS It is one of many endemic animals of Australia – like koala or kangaroo, it lives only on this continent. It is a very special animal: although it is a mammal, it lays eggs! This semi-aquatic creature has a very weird appearance. It is featured on the reverse of the Australian 20-cent coin. Australia has lots of endemic species: 83% of mammals, 89% of reptiles, 90% of fish and 93% of amphibians are
England is only a part of the United Kingdom and you mustn’t forget that! English language, teatime (czas na herbatę/podwieczorek) and London with its typical tourist attractions: Big Ben, Trafalgar Square and the double-decker buses (autobusy piętrusy). These are the first things that spring to mind when you talk about England. But ”hello”! England is only a part of the United Kingdom and you mustn’t forget that! The UK, or just Britain
Zapoznaj się z podanymi tematami. Wybierz jeden i przygotuj się do jego prezentacji oraz dyskusji z egzaminującym. Temat: „When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life”. What do Samuel’s Johnson’s words mean? Teza: The capital of the Great Britain is one of the most beautiful and interesting cities in the world. It is impossible to get bored while staying in London because there is so much
Australia is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the world’s smallest continent and a number of islands in the Southern, Indian and Pacific Oceans. The continent of Australia has been inhabited for over 40 000 years by Aborigines. The current population of around 20,4 million is concentrated mainly in the large coastal cities of Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth and Adelaide. The Commonwealth of Australia is a constitutional monarchy and has a parliamentary system of
New Zealand is a country of two large islands and many smaller islands in the south-western Pacific Ocean. It is also known as Aotearoa in the Maori language, or the Land of the Long White Cloud. New Zealand is notable for its isolation, being separated from Australia to the northwest by the Tasman Sea. The population of New Zealand is mostly of European descent, with Maori being the largest minority. Officially,
Political system – system polityczny The United States of America is a constitutional federal republic with a strong democratic tradition. There are three levels of government: federal, state and local. Officials of each of these levels are either elected via secret ballot or appointed by other elected officials. The federal government is comprised of the Legislative Branch, the Executive Branch and the Judicial Branch. These three branches were designed to apply checks
Political system – system polityczny The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, with executive power exercised on behalf of the Queen by the Prime Minister and other cabinet ministers. The Prime Minister is chosen as the MP who can command a majority in the House of Commons – usually the leader of the largest party. The current Prime Minister is Tony Blair of the Labour Party, who has been in
Canberra – stolica Aborigines – Aborygeni, autochtoniczni mieszkańcy Australii ważniejsze miasta: Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane, Perth, Adelaide Southern Hemisphere – południowa półkula desert – pustynia semi-arid – półpustynny tropical climate – klimat tropikalny coral reef – rafa koralowa The Great Barrier Reef – Wielka Rafa Koralowa Ayers Rock/Uluru – święta skała Aborygenów (w Parku Narodowym Uluru) Australia is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the world’s smallest continent and a number of
British Commonwealth – Brytyjska Wspólnota Narodów the South Pacific – południowy Pacyfik European descent – pochodzenie europejskie Maoris – Maorysi, autochtoniczni mieszkańcy Nowej Zelandii minority – mniejszość Wellington – stolica Nowej Zelandii Aukland – największe miasto New Zealand is a country of two large islands and many smaller islands in the south-western Pacific Ocean. It is also known as Aotearoa in the Maori language, or the Land of the Long White
Edinburgh Castle – zamek w Edynburgu Edinburgh Military Tattoo – parady wojskowe odbywające się latem Edinburgh Festival – Międzynarodowy Festiwal Sztuki the Fringe – niszowa część festiwalu the Royal Mile – najstarsza, zabytkowa ulica Edynburga Edinburgh is the second-largest city in Scotland and its capital city. It is situated on the east coast of Scotland’s central lowlands on the south shore of the Firth of Forth. Edinburgh is well known for
Changing of the Guard (Buckingham Palace) – zmiana warty Ceremony of the Keys (Tower of London) – ceremonia zamykania Tower of London the Chief Warder – główny wartownik Beefeaters – strażnik londyńskiej Tower w stroju historycznym Trooping the Colour (Whitehall) – parada wojskowa odbywająca się w dniu urodzin królowej the Garter Ceremony – ceremonia wręczania Orderu Podwiązki the Royal Ascot – wyścigi konne w Ascot The British are very attached to their traditions.
Church of England – Kościół anglikański Anglicans – anglikanie the Act of Supremacy – ustawa o zwierzchnictwie króla nad kościołem minister, vicar – pastor rector – proboszcz the Archbishop of Canterbury – arcybiskup Canterbury (duchowny zwierzchnik Kościoła anglikańskiego) Church of Scotland – kościół Szkocji Catholicism – katolicyzmThe Church of England and the Church of Scotland function as the official national religions in their respective countries, but most religions found in the
crisket – krykiet cricketer – gracz w krykieta bat – kij do krykieta wicket – bramka w krykiecie polo – polo mallet – kij do gry w polo golf – golf golf-club – kij golfowy golf course – pole golfowe football – piłka nożna snooker – snooker darts – rzutki British traditional sports seem to match British character. They are rather slow and effortless. Darts and snooker are the best examples as they
conservative – konserwatywny reserved – powściągliwy phlegmatic – flegmatyczny unimaginative – pozbawiony wyobraźni boring – nudny uncomunicative – nierozmowny to keep distance – utrzymywać dystans tasteless food – jedzenie pozbawione smaku sense of humour – poczucie humoru small talk – rozmowa towarzyska superficial – powierzchowny courtesy – uprzejmość polite – uprzejmy well-mannered – dobrze wychowany to have green fingers – być dobrym w ogrodnictwie It is not easy to decide on
Tower of London – dawne więzienie przekształcone w muzeum Crown Jewels – klejnoty koronne St Paul’s Cathedral – Katedra św. Pawła Westminster Abbey – Opactwo Westminster Gothic church – kościół gotycki tombs – grobowce the Houses of Parliament – parlament Buckingham Palace – pałac Buckingham (rezydencja królewska) St James’s Park – najstarszy park Londynu Downing Street No. 10 – siedziba premiera National Gallery – Galeria Narodowa British Museum – Muzeum Brytyjskie Madame